NEUROREHABILITATION IN THE FACE OF MODERN CHALLENGES: GLOBAL PRACTICES AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS IN UKRAINE

Abstract

In Ukraine, neurorehabilitation is particularly pertinent due to the ongoing military conflict and its consequences. Neurorehabilitation is an interdisciplinary branch focused on restoring the functions of the nervous system that have been lost or impaired due to injury, disease, or psycho-emotional disorders. It encompasses a wide range of interventions, including medical, psychological, social, educational, and professional components. The aim of the study was to study the world best practices and principles of neurorehabilitation, as well as the possibilities and features of organizing the provision of such assistance in Ukraine for patients with mental problems. Materials and methods. The present study is interdisciplinary and review-analytical, aiming to systematize and comparatively analyze approaches to neurorehabilitation in both global and national contexts. The primary objective is to identify key concepts, structural elements, and organizational models for Ukraine. Results. Studied global experience indicates that neurorehabilitation holds a vital position at the crossroads of neurology, psychiatry, psychology, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and social work. The most effective neurorehabilitation models are rooted in multidisciplinary teams. Normative and methodological principles are proposed, according to which neurorehabilitation can be developed and standardized in Ukraine. The integration of innovative tools (virtual reality (VR), neurocomputer interfaces (NCIs), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and computerized biofeedback simulators) with traditional methods creates significant opportunities for personalizing the recovery process and enhancing the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs for patients with mental problems.