MODERN VIEWS ON THE ETIOLOGICAL AND PATHOGENETIC FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND COURSE OF GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2226-2008-2025-2-11Keywords:
generalized periodontitis, etiological factors, clinical course, biofilms, microbiomeAbstract
Introduction. Generalized periodontitis is considered one of the most common dental diseases with numerous etiological factors, modifying factors, and pathogenetic characteristics of its course.The aim of the study is to investigate the etiological and pathogenetic factors of generalized periodontitis and their influence on the clinical course of the disease through the analysis of modern scientific literature.Materials and methods. For the purpose of the study, a literature search was conducted using open-access scientometric databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate. For the analysis, scientific publications were selected that presented the results of original laboratory and clinical studies of various aspects of the course of generalized periodontitis depending on the presumed etiological factor and taking into account specific pathogenetic components, as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses of literature sources.Research results. Generalized periodontitis in otherwise healthy patients is considered a polyetiological disease with various pathogeneticreactions. The main etiological factors of this disease are considered to be dysbiosis of dental biofilms, which triggers the immune and inflammatory responses of the body. Oxidative stress, which leads to rapid bone resorption, plays an equally important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The implementation of advanced diagnostic methods for periodontal lesions and consideration of their results during patient rehabilitation will help break the pathogenetic chains of periodontitis development and improve the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment of this dental pathology.
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