COMPARATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF EXTRACTS FROM ALOE VERA LEAF PEEL AND GEL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2226-2008-2025-4-15Keywords:
Aloe vera, polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, spectroscopyAbstract
Introduction. For the industrial production of extracts, Aloe vera gel is usually used as raw material, and the outer shell, which makes up more than 30% of the total leaf mass, is mostly burned or composted. However, recent studies indicate that Aloe vera skin also contains valuable biologically active substances, which makes it a promising material for further research and use in medical and cosmetic products.Objective. To evaluate the phytochemical properties and compare the content of polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant compounds, and antioxidant activity of extracts from the peel and gel of Aloe vera leaves.Materials and methods. To obtain the extracts, dry raw materials of Aloe vera were used. 2 g of homogenized dried raw materials were weighed and poured with a water-ethanol mixture with an ethanol content of 30%, 50%, 70% and 90%; 2% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); distilled water in a ratio of raw materials: extractant 1:10. Phytochemical screening, determination of the content of extractive substances, polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidants were carried out using appropriate methods.Results. Comparative analysis of Aloe vera peel and gel extracts showed a higher content of bioactive compounds in the peel. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, mucilage, inulin, and reducing sugars.Among the investigated solvents, the 70% ethanol extract of Aloe vera peel demonstrated the most promising results, with the highest levels of bioactive substances and the strongest antioxidant activity.Conclusions. The study established that Aloe vera peel extracts contain a significantly higher concentration of bioactive compounds compared to gel extracts, particularly in terms of polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant components. These findings highlight the potential of Aloe vera peel as a valuable source of biologically active compounds, supporting its sustainable, zero-waste utilization in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.
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