REGULATORY EFFECTS OF 660 NM PHOTOBIOMODULATION IN WOUND HEALING: TOWARD PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION

Abstract

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a promising approach to wound healing because of its potential to accelerate tissue repair. However, the mechanisms of light interaction with tissue are not fully understood. The work aims to study the effect of PBM therapy on the expression of biomolecules regulating the repair processes of chronic wounds at the remodeling stage, using ROS, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, and TNF-α as examples. Materials and methods. The experiment involved 18 rats randomized into intact, control, and experimental groups. The animals of the control and experimental groups have been modeled with a chronic wound. The wound defects of the rats in the experimental group were exposed to PBM therapy (wavelength 660 nm, power 50 mW, energy density 5 J/cm²). Animals were euthanized on day 21 of the experiment. ROS, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, and TNF-α levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the blood serum. Results. Our study showed that PBM therapy increased levels of ROS, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, and TNF-α during the remodeling stage. Thus, in rats on the 21st day of the experiment, serum levels of ROS were increased 1.36-fold, IL-4 – 1.73-fold, IL-1β – 1.19-fold, TNF-α – 1.17-fold, and IL-6 – 1.53-fold compared to the same indices of animals with wounds without treatment. Conclusions. PBM can increase the expression of biomolecules, regulating the processes of chronic wound repair during the remodeling stage.