ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF CONDITIONED MEDIUM FROM MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AND CRYOEXTRACTS OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUES ON THE MANIFESTATIONS OF CYTOLYTIC SYNDROME IN EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS

Abstract

Background. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic immune-mediated liver disease characterized by relapsing and remitting courses, which progresses to cirrhosis if left untreated. Our attention as an innovative approach to treating AIH patients was drawn to the use of domestic acellular cryopreserved biological agents (CBA) – cryoextracts of placenta (CEP), cryoextracts of spleen (CES), and conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells (МSC-СМ). Objective – to assess the impact of conditioned medium from mesenchymal stem cells and cryoextracts of biological tissues on the manifestations of cytolytic syndrome in experimental AIH in rats. Methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 42 male rats weighing 200–220 g in compliance with the main bioethical principles of European Union Directive 2010/10/63 EU. AIH in rats was modeled by administering a hepatotropic antigenic mixture consisting of Freund’s complete adjuvant and an antigen solution. On the 52nd day of the experiment, the animals were euthanized. The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GGT) was determined spectrophotometrically. Results. The study showed that the development of AIH in rats was accompanied by the formation of a cytolytic syndrome, as evidenced by a statistically significant increase in ALT activity by 66.7% (p=0.015) and AST activity by 85.0% (p<0.001) in the peripheral blood serum compared to similar indicators in intact animals. It was also found that the development of AIH in rats was accompanied by a statistically significant (p=0.002) increase in γ-GGT activity by 52.3% and an increase (p=0.01) in ALP activity by 36.5%. Conclusions. The use of the studied CBAs led to a significant reduction in the signs of cytolytic syndrome in rats with AIH. The most pronounced reduction in ALT levels was observed with the application of CEP and МSC-СМ. AST activity was most significantly and statistically reliably (p<0.001) reduced with the application of МSC-СМ. The most pronounced decrease in γ-GGT activity was noted with the administration of CEP and МSC-СМ.